Wednesday, April 8, 2020

马来西亚房屋租赁合约 (Malaysia Tenancy Agreement)

Malaysia Tenancy Agreement 马来西亚房屋租赁合约




请问租赁房屋的时候,双方一定要签订房屋租赁合约 (Tenancy Agreement) 吗?

答:房屋租赁的合约,是一项经过双方 (即房东与租客) 达成协议以及具有法律权力、职责与约束的一份法律文件。根据1950年合约法令 (Contracts Act 1950) 第10条文以及国家土地法典 (National Land Code) 第213(2)(a)条文,口头租约是具有法律约束力的。

All agreements are contracts if they are made by the free consent of parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object, and are not hereby expressly declared to be void.

虽然头租约具有法律约束力,房东和租客需要留意,如果双方没有清楚地阐明房东和租客需遵守的事项以及职责,当有任何纠纷发生时,会变得模棱两可,双方或许需要透过法律程序来辩护以及维护各自的权益。所以,房屋租赁合约是非常重要的一份法律文件。在马来西亚的法律中,并没有标准的房屋租赁合约。所以,当起草合约时,双方需要清楚地详阅每一条款并协商,以争取和保障自己的权益,避免在日后引发纠纷。

Although the first lease is legally binding, the landlord and tenant need to be aware that if both parties do not clearly state the matters and responsibilities that the landlord and tenant must comply with, when any dispute arises, it will become ambiguous and both parties may need to go through the law. Procedures to defend and safeguard their respective rights and interests. Therefore, the house lease contract is a very important legal document. In Malaysian law, there is no standard housing lease contract. Therefore, when drafting a contract, both parties need to clearly read each clause and negotiate in order to fight for and protect their rights and avoid disputes in the future.

一般的房屋租赁交易中,房东或租客可以聘请律师准备租赁合约。很多情况下,物业租赁公司会协助房东准备租赁合约。 但是,如果您想要自己起草房屋租赁合约,您应要写明以下主要房屋租赁合约条款:

1. 房东和租客的各自个人资料 (Details of the Landlord and the Tenant respectively);
2. 出租房屋的资料 (Details of the Demised Premises);
3. 租约期限和续约的选择(如有)(Tenancy Period and Option to Renew);
4. 租赁开始日期 (Commencement Date);
5. 每月租金(Monthly Rent);
6. 抵押金 (Payment of Security/Deposit);
7. 支付租金的方式 (Mode of Payment);
8. 房东的义务 (Landlord’s Obligations);
9. 租客的义务 (Tenant’s Obligations);
10. 房东的契约 (Landlord’s Covenants);
11. 租客的契约 (Tenant’s Covenants);
12. 双方所同意的特别事项 (special Conditions) ;
13. 若房东违约,租客可以采取什么行动 (Breach by the Landlord);
14. 若租客违约,房东可以采取什么行动 (Breach by the Tenant);
15. 房屋是否包括家具之类的,装修是否被允许;
16. 租客是否可以转租给其他租客 (Sub-Letting);以及
17. 双方是否可以提早解约以及提早解约的后果 (Early Termination)。
如果有聘请律师协助起草房屋租赁的合约,根据2017年律师报酬制度管制(修正)条例,视每月租金 (Monthly Rent) 而定,

律师费的定额收费是:
1. 首RM10,000 的租金--------- 每月租金的25%
2. 接着 RM90,000的租金---------每月租金的10%
3. 超过RM100,000的租金---------所超出数额的律师费可与律师商量,但有关收费计算不可超过10%


The landlords, in such cases, face the risk of being sued for trespassing or charged for unlawful detention. Section 7(2) of the Specific Relief Act 1950 specifically requires landlords to obtain a court order before they can recover possession of the property from tenants.





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